羽管鍵琴與鋼琴有何不同?
By Bharat
Harpsichord vs piano- read about the two famous musical instruments used during the renaissance period to the classical era. Learn about the differences between the harpsichord and the piano.Both, harpsichord and a Clavichord are the stringed keyboard instruments.
羽管鍵琴vs鋼琴-這是一篇關于在文藝復興時期到古典主義時期兩件著名樂器的文章。讓我們來領略羽管鍵琴與鋼琴的不同之處。 首先，羽管鍵琴和古鋼琴都是弦鳴鍵盤樂器。
What is Clavichord?
什么是古鋼琴？
Clavichord is a stringed keyboard instrument that was popular during the renaissance ,baroque and classical periods.The clavichord was never used in the concerts because of its softer tone. However, the mild and mellow musical tone made it a perfect instrument for practicing and composing music.
古鋼琴是盛行于文藝復興時期、巴洛克時期與古典主義時期的擊弦鍵盤樂器。古鋼琴因其過于細小的聲音從不在音樂會上使用，但這溫潤的聲音卻是練琴與作曲的絕佳樂器。
What is harpsichord?
什么是羽管鍵琴？
Harpsichord is a stringed musical instrument played using the keyboard. The strings are played using the plucking mechanism with the help of quills attached to the jack that triggers the note when the key is pressed.It is still not clear who invented the harpsichord, however, there are mentions of the musical instruments in the 14 th-century literary work. This means that harpsichord is a known musical instrument having a history of at least 600 years.
羽管鍵琴是通過鍵盤彈奏的弦鳴樂器。按下琴鍵時，琴弦通過撥弦機制，由撥子撥弦發聲的。我們尚不清楚是誰發明了羽管鍵琴。但14世紀的文學作品中已經對這件樂器有所提及。這意味著作為一件知名樂器，羽管鍵琴已至少有600年歷史了。
Harpsichord vs piano- is the harpsichord same as the piano?No.Here are 6 differences between the harpsichord and the piano.
羽管鍵琴VS鋼琴——二者一模一樣嗎？不。羽管鍵琴與鋼琴之間有這6點差異：
#1 the piano is relatively newer instrument
#1 鋼琴是相對而言年代更靠后產生的樂器
Harpsichord was invented during the 15th century while the piano relatively a new instrument built around the late 18th century.
羽管鍵琴發明于15世紀，而鋼琴到18世紀晚期作為一件新樂器才被制造。
#2 harpsichord strings are plucked and not hammered.
#2羽管鍵琴是撥弦而不是擊弦
Unlike the piano ,the strings of the harpsichord are plucked and not hammered.
Harpsichord has a mechanism similar to the guitar plectrum that plucks the strings when the keys on the keyboard are pressed. Surprising the jack comes with a damper that stops playing the musical note when the key is released.
與鋼琴不同，羽管鍵琴是撥弦而非擊弦。羽管鍵琴有著與吉他撥弦相似的機制，琴鍵被按下時，弦就被撥動。令人驚訝的是當琴鍵放開后，帶有阻隔功能的制音器阻止發出聲響。
#3 a harpsichord may pluck two strings at a time.
#3 羽管鍵琴一次撥兩弦
Another peculiar thing about a harpsichord is that the key stroke plucks two strings one at a time. The string arrangement is somewhat similar to the twelve string guitar.
羽管鍵琴的另一特殊之處在于，琴鍵一次會觸發兩根弦的撥動。這樣的排列在某種程度上與十二弦吉他非常相似。
#4 a piano may always have a single keyboard while a harpsichord my not.
#4 鋼琴只有一列鍵盤而羽管鍵琴不一定
Harpsichord may have a single or a double keyboard known as “manuals”. The stacked layer of keyboards is mapped to different sets of strings that produce sounds that have more treble and resembles more like a nasal noise.This mechanism gives a great range of frequencies to write melodious compositions.A typical harpsichord may have around 4 to 6 octaves ,while a standard grand piano has around 88 keys with little more than 7 octaves.
羽管鍵琴可能是單列鍵盤也可能是雙層鍵盤。堆疊的鍵盤對應著不同的弦，這樣能產生甚于三倍或更類似于噪音的聲音。這個機制給了很大的可能性去創作旋律性作品。傳統的羽管鍵琴大概只有4-6個八度的音域，而一個標準的鋼琴有大概88個琴鍵、超七個八度的音域。
#5 it is more painful to tune a harpsichord than a piano
#5 給羽管鍵琴調音比給鋼琴調音傷害更大
The strings of the piano are always under tremendous pressure. This gives them the characteristic tone and the loudness that is required for a concert performance.An ideal grand piano may have a combined pressure of around 30 tons on all of its strings. Hence , it is very less likely to tune the piano more often.The harpsichord strings being under very less tensions keeps losing its tensile strength. Therefore, the strings are required to be tuned again and again.
鋼琴的琴弦總是處于巨大的拉力之下。這讓他們有著音樂會演出所需特有的音色和音量。
一架鋼琴所有的弦大概承重30噸。因此，它也更少去頻繁調音。羽管鍵琴的琴弦在很小的拉力之下，漸漸失去了它的抗張強度。因此，琴弦總是需要一次又一次地調音。
#6 harpsichord has a beautiful past. The piano is the future.
#6羽管鍵琴有著輝煌的過去，鋼琴則是未來
The harpsichord was replaced by the piano because of the richer and loud musical notes of the richer and loud musical notes that may be required for a concert performance.The baroque period (1600-1750) was the golden period for the instrument. However, with the invention of the piano in the 18th century, the harpsichord started disappearing from the public performance scenes.It was only until the 20th century that musicians started experimenting with this historical instrument again.
羽管鍵琴被鋼琴替代是因為鋼琴有著更豐富、更響亮的樂音，它更為音樂會演奏所需要。巴洛克時期（1600-1750）是羽管鍵琴的黃金期。但是，隨著18世紀鋼琴的發明，它開始消失在大眾舞臺上。直到20世紀，音樂家才重新嘗試這一歷史性的樂器。
盛原講解：《傳說中的羽管鍵琴》
