Unit3 Could you please clean your room?
Peter ,could you please take out the trash? 彼得，你能把垃圾倒了嗎？
Could you please do sth ?請你（做）......好嗎？ 用于提出請求，希望得到對方的肯定回答，說話的語氣比較客氣委婉。
Could 不是can的過去式，是委婉、禮貌的說法。回答用can.
【常用答語】肯定回答：Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem. 否定回答： Sorry , I can’t
2、take out 取出（v+ adv）
【注】: 跟代詞做賓語，代詞放中間；跟名詞做賓語，可放在中間，也可放在后邊
His teeth hurt badly. The dentist take them out .
【短語】take out the trash 倒垃圾 take a walk 散步 take away 拿走，取走
take back 收回 take place 發生 take off 脫下； 起飛
3. Can you do the dishes.？那你可以洗盤子嗎？
do the dishes 洗碗
【結構1】do the +名詞： do the dishes/ laundry 洗餐具/衣服
【結構2】do the +動詞-ing do the cleaning 打掃衛生
【結構3】do one’s + 名詞 do one’s housework/ homework 做家務/家庭作業
【結構4】do some +動詞-ing do some reading/ shopping 讀寫書/購物
Could I at least finish watching this show? 至少讓我看完這個節目可以嗎？
1】Could I do a sth? 我可以做......嗎？
用于表達請求，語氣比較委婉。 Could I go out with my classmate this weekend?
2】at least 至少，多指數量或程度上的最低限度。(反) at most 至少，不超過
Now all of us exercise at least an hour a day and outside school.
3】finish v 結束；完成 finish doing sth 做完某事
— Can you finish __reading__ these books before 10 o'clock? — Yes, I can.
5、I think two hours of TV is enough for you! 我覺得你看兩個小時的電視已經足夠了。
1】two hours of TV 表示時間、距離、金額、度量等詞語作主語時，通常被視作整體，謂語動詞用單數形式。
How time is flies! Three years __is_____(be) really a short time.
【記】 Mr. Smith has enough money ,but he isn’t kind enough to help others.
【注意】enough 修飾名詞時，置于名詞前；修飾形容詞時，置于形容詞之后。
6、Could you take out the rubbish,fold the clothes and do the dishes?
你能把垃圾倒了。把衣服疊好，再把碗洗了嗎？
【解析】take out 拿出；取出
take 的用法：
【拓展】take 構成的短語：
take a walk 去散步 take a rest 休息 take care of 照顧 take off 脫下；起飛 take up 占據 take down 拿下 take one’s time 不急；慢慢來 take one’s temperature 量體溫
7. The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over .
我剛坐在電視機前面，我媽媽就過來了。
【解析1】the minute = as soon as “一...... 就......” Please write to me the minute you get there.
【解析2】 in front of
【記】 The driver sat _____in the front of___________ the car. The policeman stood ___in front of________ the car.
【注意】有the無the區別大：
【解析3】come over 過來
【拓展】 come 短語：
come across（偶然）發現 come back 回來 come up with想出
come true實現 come down下來 come from=be from來自,出生于
come in/into進入,進來 come on趕快,加油 come along走吧,過來,快點
come and go來來去去 come up上來 come out出來，(花)開，(照片)沖洗出來
7. You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house! 你總是看電視，從不幫忙做家務！
all the time = always 一直；總是
8. I’m just as tired as you are! 我和你一樣累！ 【解析】as...as ... 和......一樣......
9. For one week , she did not do any housework and neither did I. 一周的時間，她不做任何家務，我也不做。
【解析】neither +助動詞/系動詞/情態動詞 +主語 “某人（主語） 也不”
⑴ neither兩者都不
neither …nor… 既不…也不…,連接兩個詞做主語，謂語動詞由后一個主語確定Neither Tom nor Jim is a student
⑵ 表達“…也不……” 則用 “Neither /Nor + be / V助 / V情 + 主”
—The first one wasn’t bad. — Neither was the second.
10. The next day , my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy.
第二天，媽媽下班回到家后發現房間很干凈、整潔。
【解析】find +賓語+賓語補足語
【注】find → found →found v尋找
(1) find sb. doing sth 發現某人做某事
(2) find it + adj. + to do sth 發現做某事很……
◆find it difficult/ hard to do sth 發現做某事很困難 She found _it__ hard to finish the work by herself.
11. She asked in surprise.她吃驚地問道。
【解析】in surprise 驚奇地；吃驚地
surprise v 使吃驚→surprising adj. 令人吃驚的 →surprised adj. 吃驚的
to one’s surprise 使某人吃驚的是 in surprise 吃驚地 be surprised at 對……感到吃驚
To my surprise_(使我吃驚的是），he got the first prize in the exam.
12. “ I’m do sorry, Mom. I finish understand that we need to share the housework to have a clean and comfortable home.” I replied.
“對不起，媽媽。我終于理解為了擁有一個干凈、舒適的家我們需要共同來分擔家務。” 我回答說。
【解析1】need v 需要
用于肯定句，是實義動詞。
(1)人做主語，sb. need to do sth 某人需要做某事
(2)物做主語，sth need doing sth= sth need to be done
①Students need ___to have_______(have) a good rest in studying. ②The watch needs__mending___(mend).
用于否定句或疑問句，是情態動詞
(1)needn’t = don’t have to 沒有必要
(2)need ,must 引導的一般疑問句，肯定會的用must,否定回答用needn’t
— Must I go there now? — Yes，you must/No, you needn’t
【解析2】share 分享；共用 share sth 分享或共用某物 share sth with sb. 與某人分享某物
(All his friends __Shared___ his happiness when he won the match.
13.Could I hang out with my friends after the movie? 看完電影后我能和朋友們一起閑逛嗎？
【解析】hang out 閑逛 hang up 把......懸掛/掛起
14. Could you please pass me the salt?你能把鹽遞給我嗎？
【解析】pass ⑴v 給；遞；走過；通過 pass sb.sth 把某物遞給某 Pass on 傳遞
Please pass the paper on to the other students.
⑵ v 通過；路過 I pass your home.
⑶ v 通過（考試） ；及格 Tom can pass his math exam.
15. Could I borrow that book?我能借下你那本書看嗎、
Could you lend me some money?你能借我一些錢嗎？
【解析】borrow /lend/keep
(1)borrow 借入 ,與from 連用，尤指主語“【借進來”】
borrow sth from sb. 從某人那里借某物 You can borrow the book from the library.
(2)lend 借出 ,與to 搭配 【指借出去】
lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借給某人He doesn’t want to lend his book to others.
(3)keep 保留，保存（延續動詞，可以與表示一段時間的狀語連用）【指借一段時間】
【記】 I want to __borrow__ a bike from my friend but he didn’t _lend___ it to me,
because Tom had _kept____ it for two days.
16. I cut my finger and I’m trying not to get it wet.
我的手指割傷了，傷口不能弄濕。
【解析】try (not) to do sth努力（不）做某事。
try v 試圖，設法，努力
【拓展】 (1)try on 試穿
(2) try to do sth 努力做某事 【側重盡力做】
(3) try doing sth 試圖做某事 【側重嘗試做】
(4)try one’s best to do sth= do one’s best to do sth 盡某人最大努力做某事
17. I hate to do chores. 我討厭做家務。
hate to do sth 討厭做某事, 表示某次具體行為或動作。 I hate to trouble him.
hate doing sth不愿意做某事 表示經常或習慣性行為或動作。 She hates smoking in her room.
18.Could I ask you to help me with some chores then?
那我能請求你幫我做些雜活嗎？
【解析】ask sb. to do sth 要求某人做某事。
ask for 請求，要某物
ask sb. about sth 向某人詢問關于某事
(1)ask sb. for help 向某人請求幫助
(2) ask sb. (not) to do sth請求某人做某事
ask構成的短語：
短語含義
ask sb. to do sth請某人做某事
ask sb. not to do sth不讓某人做某事
ask sb for sth向某人要某物
ask for help尋求幫助
19.I’ll finish my homework while you help me with the dishes. 當你幫我洗盤子的時候，我將完成我的家庭作業。
【解析1】finish doing sth 完成某事
— Can you finish _reading__ these books before 10 o’clock? — Yes, I can.
【解析2】while conj. “在……期間； 當……的時候”
While 引導的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞只能是延續動詞。
_While __ the children have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach.
【解析3】help sb. with sth. 在某事上幫助某人。
【注】help v 幫助 → helpful adj. 有幫助的
(1)help sb. do sth. =help sb. with sth. 幫助某人做某事
(2)with the help of sb.=with one’s help在某人的幫助之下
(3)without the help of 沒有在…的幫助之下
①I think reading is very __helpful____(help).
② __Without____ your help, we couldn’t catch the thief.
20. Could I invite my friends to a party? 我能邀請我的朋友們來聚會嗎？
【解析】invite sb. to Sp. 邀請某人去某地
【解析】invite v → invitation n邀請
(1) invite sb. to do sth 邀請某人做某事
(2)invite sb. to +地點 邀請某人去某地
21.I don’t understand why some parents make their kids help with housework and chores at home.
我不理解為什么有些父母在家讓孩子們幫忙做家務和雜務。
【解析】make sb. do sth 讓某人做某事
make → made →made v. 做， 制作， 使得
(1) make sb/sth + 形容詞 “讓某人或某物…” make you happy
(2) make sb/sth do sth 使某人做某事 make me laugh.
Colors can change our moods and make us _feel__ happy or sad, energetic or sleep.
22.They don’t have time to study and do housework，too.
他們也沒有時間來學習家務和做家務。
【解析】have time to do sth.有時間做某事
have time =be free 有空
23. Housework is a waste of their time. 做家務是在浪費他們的時間。
【解析】a waste of 浪費 a waste of time 浪費時間 a waste of money 浪費金錢
waste v “浪費”
waste time/money on sth waste time / money (in) doing sth 在做某事上花費時間/金錢
Don’t ____waste______water. Can’t you see the sign “save water”?
24.They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and
get into a good university. 為了取得好成績并考上一所好大學，他們應該把時間用在學習上。
【解析1】spend... on sth 在某事上花費......
spend/pay/cost/take 花費
(1)spend→spent→spent v 花費,主語是人
◆ sb.+ spend +時間/錢+on sth ◆sb. +spend +時間/錢+（in） doing sth
◆spend on= pay for 支付
He spends too much time on the computer games.
Remember to spend some time _with_ your loved ones, because they’re not going to be around forever.
My father __spent___ one hundred thousand yuan on his new car.
(2) pay →paid →paid v 支付，主語是人
◆sb.+ pay + 錢+for sth I pay 10 yuan for the book.
— How much did you __pay__ for this computer? — Five hundred dollars.
(3) cost→ cost→ cost v 花費，主語是某物或某事
◆sth cost sb. +錢 某物花費某人多少錢
A new computer costs me a lot of money.
I bought a new sweater last weekend. It ___cost_ me 120 yuan.
(4)take→took → taken v 花費
◆It takes /took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花費某人多長時間
It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.
【解析2】in order to “目的是；為了” 后接動詞原形。 in order to do sth 為了做某事
He ran quickly in order not __to be___ late for the meeting.
【解析3】get into =enter 進入
【拓展】與get相關的短語：
get up 起床 get back 返回 get over 克服
get dressed穿衣 get into進入 get/be lost丟失 get off/on下/上車
get on well with sb.與某人相處得好 get out of從…出來 get warm 變曖
get ready for +n.為…做準備 get ready to do sth.準備做某事
get well康復 get a chance 有機會、得到機會
get/go to sleep(fall asleep)入睡 相關：(be asleep睡著)
25.Also,when they get older, they will have to do housrwork so there’s no need for them to do it now.
而且，當他們長大的時候，他們也將會做家務，因此，他們沒必要現在在做。
【解析】get older 長大
get/ become/ go辨析：
⑴get+adj較多地與形容詞比較級連用。 The days are getting longer and longer.
⑵become 強調變化的結果 It's becoming colder and colder.
⑶go+adj.''表示令人不快的事情 go bad變壞，go blind變瞎，go hungry挨餓
26. It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children. 在家為孩子們提供一個干凈、舒適的環境是父母的義務。
【解析】provide sth. for sb. 為某人提供某物
provide v 提供
provide sb. with sth. (sb 前介詞用for) =provide sth for sb.( sth 前需加介詞with)供應某人某物
相當于：offer sb. sth. = offer sth to sb.
provide為應急等做好準備而“提供； 供給”provide sb. with sth. =provide sth for sb.提供某人某物
offer側重表示“愿意給予”offer sb. sth. = offer sth to sb.對某人提供某物 offer to do sth 主動提出干某事
supply定期“供應” , 強調替代或補充所需物品Supply sb. with sth=supply sth. to sb. 為某人提供某物
①The Internet provides us _with__a lot of _information___we need.
② —Could you please provide us _with___ some information about the students’ health? — Of course, it’s my pleasure.
27. And anyway, I think doing chores is not so difficult. 無論如何，我認為做家務并不那么難。
【解析】anyway 無論如何, (一般放在句首，用逗號和句子隔開）
28. I think it is important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework.
我認為對孩子們來說，學習如何做雜務并幫助他們的父母做家務是很重要的。
【解析】It is important for sb. to do sth. 對某人來說做某事是重要的
29. Children these days depend on their parents too much. 現在的孩子太依賴他們的父母。
【解析】depend on 依靠；信賴
—— Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow? —— Well, it all ___depends on____ the weather.
30. ... Everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.
每個人都有責任保持家里的干凈和整潔。
【解析1】 do one’s part 盡職責；盡本分 Do one’s part in doing sth 在做某事上盡職責
【解析2】keep +sth /sb. +adj. “使......處于某種狀態”
Her mother asked her to keep the windows __open__ and the door __closed__.
keep 系動詞 “保持” keep + adj . We must keep healthy.
實義動詞 “保持；繼續”
(1) keep ( on ) doing sth 繼續做某事 He was in great pain but he kept on working
He kept on __ talking__ after the ball rang for class.
(2) keep sb. Doing sth 讓某人一直做某事 I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.
My teacher kept me __doing___ homework all the afternoon.
31. Doing chores helps to develop children’s independence and teaches them how to look after themselves. 做雜務不僅可以培養孩子們的獨立性還可以教 他們如何照顧自己。
【解析】develop independence 培養獨立意識
develop v→development n 發展→developing adj. 發展的→developed adj. 發達的
a developing country 一個發展中國家a developed country 一個發達國家 China is a __developing___country.
32. Since they live in one house with their parents, they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.既然他們和父母同住在一個房子里，他們應該知道保持家里干凈、整潔每個人都應該參與。
【解析】since conj. 既然 (表示對方已知的事實或理由，常放在句首）
.—You have been in Neijiang very long? —Yeah. __Since___my parents came here.
33. Our neighbor’s son got into a good college but during his first year, he had n idea how to take care of himself. 我們鄰居的兒子上一所好大學，但是在第一年的時候，他還不知道如何照顧自己。
take care of 照顧Thanks for your invitation, but I’m so sorry I can’t go. I need to ___take care of___ my baby at home.【拓展】與take相關的短語：
take photos/pictures 照像 take away拿走 take out取出(work out算出) take care當心 take a walk散步
take medicine服藥 take place發生take one’s temperature量體溫 take one’s time別著急
34. As a result , he often fell ill and his grades dropped. 結果，他常常生病，功課也落下了。
【解析1】as a result 結果 （插入語，放在句首，用逗號隔開）
Don’t ask him too late into the night, __As a result___ , he is only a small child.
【解析2】fall ill 生病 fall asleep 入睡
35 .The earlier kids learn to be independent , the better it is for their future.孩子們越早學會獨立，對他們的未來越好。
【解析】the + 比較級， the + 比較級 “越...... 越...... ”
The more you smile, the ___ happier____ you will feel.
